List of countries under embargo
An embargo (from the Spanish embargo) is the partial or complete prohibition of commerce and trade with a particular country, in order to stop it. Embargoes are considered strong diplomatic measures imposed in an effort, by the imposing country, to elicit a given national-interest result from the country on which it is imposed. Embargoes are similar to economic sanctions and are generally considered legal barriers to trade, not to be confused with blockades, which are often considered to be acts of war.[1]
Embargo may also refer to the practice of blocking fare classes at certain levels, and award availability on airlines. In response to embargoes, an independent economy or autarky often develops in an area subjected to heavy embargo. Effectiveness of embargoes is thus in proportion to the extent and degree of international participation.
The United States imposed an embargo on Cuba on February 7, 1962.[citation needed] Referred to by Cuba as "el bloqueo" (the blockade), the US embargo on Cuba remains one of the longest-standing embargoes. The embargo was embraced by few of the United States' allies and apparently has done little to affect Cuban policies over the years. Nonetheless, while taking some steps to allow limited economic exchanges with Cuba, President Barack Obama recently reaffirmed the policy, stating that without improved human rights and freedoms by Cuba's current government, the embargo remains "in the national interest of the United States."
In effort to punish South Africa for its policies of apartheid, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a voluntary international oil embargo against South Africa on November 20, 1987; that embargo had the support of 130 countries.[4]
Mali (by ECOWAS) total embargo in order to force Juntas to give power back and re-install National constitution. Decided on April 2nd, 2012
China (by EU and US), arms embargo, enacted in response to the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
Iran (by US and US international allies), notably bar nuclear, missile and many military exports to Iran and target investments in oil, gas and petrochemicals, exports of refined petroleum products, as well as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, banks, insurance, financial transactions and shipping. enacted 1979, increased through the following years and reached its tightest point in 2010.
North Korea (by UN, USA, EU),[5] luxury goods (and arms), enacted 2006
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, (by UN), consumer goods, enacted 1975[citation needed]
Cuba (by US), arms, consumer goods, money, enacted 1960
Georgia (by Russia), agricultural products, wine, mineral water, enacted 2006
Japan, animal shipments due to lack of infrastructure and radiation issue after the 2011 9.0 earthquake aftermath.
Indonesia (by Australia), live cattle because of cruel slaughter methods in Indonesia.[6]
Gaza Strip by Israel since 2001
Syria (by EU, US), arms and imports of oil. [7]
[edit]Former trade embargoes
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (by UN)
North Vietnam (1964–1975) and later Vietnam (1975–1994), trade embargo by the US [8]
Republic of Macedonia (by Greece), complete trade embargo (1994-1995).
Libya (by United Nations), weapons, enacted 2011 after mass killings of Libyan protesters/rebels and ended later that year after the overthrow and summary execution of Gaddafi.
India (by UK),[9] nuclear exports restriction.
Pakistan (by UK),[9] nuclear exports restriction, enacted 2002
Serbia by Kosovo's unilaterally declared government, since 2011[10]
European Union arms embargo on the People's Republic of China
Embargo Act of 1807
Former Yugoslavia Embargo November 21, 1995 Dayton Peace Accord
United States embargo against Nicaragua
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