מחלות הנפש המוזרות ביותר

מחלות הנפש המוזרות ביותר
הלוקים בהם סובלים מהתמוטטות עצבים, מחרדות, מבלבול ולעתים אף פוגעים בעצמם או ביקיריהם, אבל מחלות הנפש הכי נדירות הן גם הכי מעניינות ומסתוריות. מה גורם לאדם לקום בבוקר ולחשוב שהוא ישו או שהחליפו אותו בחייזר?

http://www.mako.co.il/hix-science/diseases/Article-f716dae97f25931006.htm

In this clip we see a Capgras' delusion patient, a condition presumably caused by impaired connections between the visual areas of the temporal lobe and the amygdala. In this case, we see the consequences of reduced emotional representation associated with visual inputs.

תסמונת קוטאר: "אני רוצה לאכול את המוח שלך"
Overview o First described by Dr. Jules Cotard in 1880 + He called it delusion of negations (delire des negations) o Believed it to be a new kind of depression + Anxiety + Hypochondriac Ideas + Nihilistic Delusions # Belief that the body or parts thereof are dead or missing. o Somatic Type Disorder o Distinct disorder or symptom of others? + Much debate within the field of psychology + No listing in DSM-IV-TR for this reason

Symptoms o Characteristic Symptom + Nihilistic Delusions # Delusion of nonexistence; a fixed belief that the mind, body , or world at large-or parts thereof-no longer exist o Comorbid Symptoms + Severe Depression + And/or schizophrenia + Possibly leads to bi-polar disorder

Causes o Biological + Traumatic Brain Injury + Organic Lesions of the Brain + Brain Atrophy + Chemical Imbalance # Low serotonin leading to depression # High dopamine leading to schizophrenia + Genetic predisposition

Causes cont. o Sociocultural + Common in the homeless # Society tends to ignore them # Depressive and/or schizophrenic symptoms bring about belief of nonexistence + Adolescents # Lack attention from family at home # Social outcasts in school + Social Labeling # Certain label requires certain behavior

Treatment o New Atypical Antipsychotics + More effective than traditional antipsychotics * Bind not only to D-2 dopamine receptor sites but also D-1 and serotonin receptors + Electroconvulsive Therapy # Short mild electric shocks triggering a seizure in the brain. # Sedatives, muscle relaxers and anesthesia + Sulpiride and other medications with both antipsychotic and antidepressant abilities o Most effective treatment varies with basic underlying disorders

Groups o 100 case study by Berrios and Luque + Broke Cotards down into 3 factors # Psychotic Depression * Melancholia and Few Nihilistic Delusions # Type I * Delusion prominent in comparison to depression # Type II (mixed group) * Anxiety, depression, and auditory illusions

Cotards Syndrome

Damnation

Guilt

Hypochondriasis

Immortaily

Depression

Auditory Hallucinations

Visual Hallucinations

Nihilistic Delusions (body)

Nihilistic Delusions (concepts)

Nihilistic Delusions (existence)

Anxiety




Cases o A case study of Cotards syndrome: stages and diagnosis + Depression example o Cotards syndrome. A three case study + Schizophrenic example