India, on its part, is pursuing an ambitious regional agenda to be a superpower. US President Donald Trump’s National Security Strategy – which was released on December 18, 2017 — applauds India’s “leadership role in Indian Ocean security and throughout the broader region” to balance China in the Asian strategic setting. Indeed, for such a role, India requires a more lethal, resilient, and rapidly developing military force.
On May 20 last year, the Modi government announced its plans to spend $250 billion on the modernization of its armed forces over the next decade, as well as initiating 100% foreign direct investment (FDI) in the defense sector. This follows a belief that the FDI in the defense sector “could be the most trusted route to technology transfer, which would help in increasing the defense production base and providing the much-needed impetus to self-reliance and indigenization in the defense sector”.
India has been importing military equipment including missile-related technologies and material from Israel since 1990. The leading Indian missile scientist, Dr Abdul Kalam – who went on to become the president of India — visited Israel in June 1996 and again in 1997 to seek its assistance in improving New Delhi’s missile program. Dr Kalam expressed interest in the surface-to-surface missile and theater missile defense systems, its technology and components. Consequently, Israel is currently the second-largest supplier of military equipment to India after Russia, with New Delhi being Tel Aviv’s largest arms purchaser.
In July 2017, the Indo-Israel defense cooperation elevated to a strategic partnership, with its strongest pillar being defense cooperation. This contributes constructively to the modernization of India’s armed forces. It was reported at the time that “India buys more than a $1 billion of equipment every year and that over 40% of Israel’s arms exports in 2012-16 were to India”.